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The Thiers wall was the last of the defensive walls of Paris. It was an enclosure constructed between 1841 and 1844 under a law enacted by the government of the French prime minister, Adolphe Thiers. It covered , along the "boulevards des Maréchaux" (Boulevards of the Marshals) of today. A sloping area outside the wall, called a glacis, extended outward from the Thiers wall to the location of today's Boulevard Périphérique. The wall was demolished in stages between 1919 and 1929. ==History== Louis-Philippe, proclaimed king of the French in 1830, was convinced that the key to defence of France was to prevent Paris from falling too easily into the hands of foreign armies as happened during the Battle of Paris in 1814. So he conceived the project of building around the city an enclosure of walls that would make the city impregnable.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=An 1840 study on the Paris fortifications )〕 A first draft was presented to the Chamber of Deputies in early 1833 by Marshal Soult, Council President and Minister of War. It immediately sparked a fierce resistance from the left, whose speakers suspected, or pretended to suspect, that the government had ulterior political motives: that the fortifications were, in fact, designed not to defend France, but to threaten the Parisians in case they come to revolt against the monarchy. The long enclosure, colloquially referred to as "the fortress", consisted of 94 bastions, 17 gates (French: "portes", major road crossings), 23 minor road crossings (French: "barrières"), eight railway crossing points, five crossing points of rivers or canals and eight posterns. The only existing remains are the ''Poterne des Peupliers'' ("postern of the poplars") between the ''Porte de Gentilly'' and ''Porte d'Italie'' near where the Bievre entered Paris, bastion number 1 in the middle of the ''Porte de Bercy'' interchange, bastion number 45 at the ''Porte de Clichy'', a wall at the ''Porte de la Villette'', part of the ''Porte d'Arcueil'' and various smaller remains. The works were serviced and supplied by the ''Rue Militaire'' (military road), supported by a railway line, the Chemin de fer de Petite Ceinture (French for "little belt railway"). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Thiers wall」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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